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Teaching

Child Development & Pedagogy for CTET

30 questions in both papers, all pedagogy. They cover child development (Piaget, Vygotsky, Kohlberg, socialisation, heredity and environment), inclusive education, and learning and pedagogy. Most questions describe a classroom situation and ask what a child-centred teacher should do.

12 guides·Conducted by Central Board of Secondary EducationOfficial website

Study in this order

  1. 1A plan for Child Development and PedagogyChild Development and Pedagogy is 30 marks in both CTET papers and the lens for every other pedagogy question. How the section is built, the five ideas behind most answers, a six-week plan and a daily practice routine. 6 min read
  2. 2Principles of growth and developmentGrowth is change in size; development is change in ability and quality. The principles of development, the stages of childhood, maturation and learning, and how CTET turns each principle into a classroom question. 7 min read
  3. 3Heredity and environmentIs a child shaped by genes or by surroundings? Both, and they interact. What heredity and environment each contribute, the nature–nurture debate, twin studies, what a teacher can change, and CTET-style questions. 7 min read
  4. 4Socialisation: the child, family, school and societyChildren learn the language, values and behaviour of their society through socialisation. The agents, parenting styles, learning by observation, Bronfenbrenner's systems and the teacher's role, with CTET-style questions. 6 min read
  5. 5Piaget's theory of cognitive developmentJean Piaget showed that children do not think like small adults. Schemas, assimilation, accommodation, the four stages with their key terms, what critics said, and how CTET turns each idea into a classroom question. 8 min read
  6. 6Vygotsky: social learning and the ZPDLev Vygotsky argued that children's thinking grows out of interaction with others. The zone of proximal development, scaffolding, private speech and cultural tools, how Vygotsky differs from Piaget, and CTET-style questions. 8 min read
  7. 7Kohlberg's stages of moral developmentLawrence Kohlberg traced how moral reasoning develops through three levels and six stages. Piaget's groundwork, the Heinz dilemma, each stage with sample reasoning, Gilligan's critique, and how to classify statements in CTET questions. 7 min read
  8. 8Child-centred and progressive educationProgressive education puts the child's experience, interests and activity at the centre of learning. Its roots from Rousseau to Montessori, John Dewey's ideas, Indian educators, what the RTE Act and NCF 2005 say, and CTET-style questions. 6 min read
  9. 9Intelligence: IQ, Gardner, Sternberg and beyondIs intelligence one ability or many? From Binet's first test and the IQ formula to Spearman, Thurstone, Gardner, Sternberg and emotional intelligence, with what each view means for a diverse classroom and CTET-style questions. 8 min read
  10. 10Language and thought: Piaget, Vygotsky, Chomsky, SkinnerDoes thought shape language, or language shape thought? What Piaget, Vygotsky, Chomsky, Skinner and Bruner each say, the stages of early language, the Sapir-Whorf idea, and what it all means for classroom talk and the home language. 6 min read
  11. 11Gender as a social construct: roles, stereotypes and the classroomSex is biological; gender roles are learnt. How children pick up gender ideas, three theories that explain it, where bias hides in schools and textbooks, and what a teacher can do, with CTET-style scenarios and practice MCQs. 7 min read
  12. 12Individual differences among learners: sources and responsesNo two children learn in exactly the same way. The kinds of individual differences, where they come from, how a teacher finds them out, and how to plan a differentiated lesson, with CTET-style scenarios and practice MCQs. 7 min read

New Child Development & Pedagogy guides are added regularly. Back to all CTET guides